Color is a subjective quality characteristic of electromagnetic radiation of optical range. It is determined on the basis of emerging physiological and visual sensation dependent on a number of physical, physiological and psychological factors. Subjectively perceived color vision depends on the radiation spectrum of the psycho physiological state of man and the specific properties of individual eyes. Distinguish achromatic (white, gray, black) and chromatic colors, as well as spectral and non-spectral colors. Sensation of color occurs in the brain during excitation and inhibition of color-sensitive cells - receptor retina of human or other animal - cone. The subjective perception of color depends on the brightness and rate of change (increase or decrease), adaptation of the eye to the background light, the color of adjacent facilities, the availability of color blindness and other objective factors, but also on which culture is behind the man and the others, situational and psychological aspects. The continuous spectrum of colors can be seen on the diffraction grating. Good demonstration of the spectrum is a natural phenomenon of the rainbow. Each color has quantitatively measurable physical characteristics (spectral composition, luminance). Equally saturated colors, belonging to the same color range can vary the degree of brightness. For example, by decreasing the brightness of blue color gradually approaching to black. Much attention should be paid to the brightness of colors in the design of the room. Any color at maximum brightness decrease is black. It should be noted that the brightness, as well as other color characteristics of real-colored object, much depends on subjective causes, due to the psychology of perception. So, for example blue and yellow colors in the neighborhood seem more vivid. Two shades of one tone may be different degrees of fading. The degree of closeness to the white color is called lightness. Any shade while maximizing the brightness goes white color. Hue is a set of colors, similar to the one and the same color spectrum. Any chromatic color can be attributed to any particular spectral color. Shades, similar to the one and the same color of the spectrum, belong to the same tone. For example, red, orange and yellow hues, as relevant to fire and cause the appropriate physiological response is called warm colors, blue and purple, the color of water and ice - cold. Warm shades are suitable for the design of a bedroom and kitchen. Cool shades suitable for the design of the corridor and bathroom. Psychology of color perception explains why certain combinations are able to strongly influence the perceptions and emotions.
|
|